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china doll
A china doll is a doll made partially or wholly out of glazed porcelain. The name comes from ''china'' being used to refer to the material porcelain. Colloquially the term ''china doll'' is sometimes used to refer to any porcelain or bisque doll, but more specifically it describes only glazed dolls.
A typical china doll has a glazed porcelain head with painted molded hair and a body made of cloth or leather. They range in size from more than 30" (76 cm) tall to 1 inch (2.5 cm). Antique china dolls were predominantly produced in Germany, approximately between 1840 and 1940. Rare and elaborately decorated antique china dolls can have value on the collectors market. Beginning in the mid-20th-century reproductions of china dolls of various quality were produced in Japan and the United States.
==History==
Antique china dolls were predominantly produced in Germany, approximately between 1840 and 1940, with the peak in popularity between roughly 1840 and 1890. Unglazed bisque dolls became popular after 1850. ''Harper's Bazaar'' referred to china dolls as "old fashioned" in 1873, though they continued being made well into the early 20th century.〔 China doll heads were produced in large quantities, counting in the millions. Some of the most prolific manufacturers were companies like Kestner; Conta & Boehme; Alt, Beck and Gottschalck;〔 and Hertwig. Other German companies include Kling, Kister, KPM, and Meissen. China dolls were also produced in Czechoslovakia (Schlaggenwald), Denmark (Royal Copenhagen), France (Barrois, Jacob Petit), Poland (Tielsch), and Sweden (Rörstrand),.〔Jacobs & Faurholt, A Book of Dolls & Doll Houses, Charles Tuttle Co. 1967, pgs. 45, 86-87〕 The earliest known were made by Kestner, KPM, Meissen and Royal Copenhagen.
The earliest china dolls often depicted grown women. From approximately the 1850s on child like china dolls became popular. Blonde haired china dolls became more prevalent at the end of the 1800s.〔 These dolls display contemporary hairstyles: sausage curls, ribbons or headbands.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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